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非对称信息对供应链质量成本决策的影响

摘　　　要:研究了不同信息条件下供应链的质量成本决策问题,建立了对称信息和非对称信息下供应商和购买商的质量决策模型?其中,质量预防水平为供 应商的决策变量,质量评价水平和质量损失惩罚是购买商的决策变量?分析了购买商的质量评价结果隐匿情况对供应商的质量预防决策和购买商的质量评价决策的影 响,并进行了仿真计算?与对称信息的情况相比,当购买商的产品评价结果隐匿时,供应商的预防活动水平偏低,而购买商的产品评价活动更充分,直接导致供应链 的质量预防成本降低,而质量评价成本增加?

关　键　词: 非对称信息; 供应链; 质量成本; 预防; 评价;

 Effect of Asymmetric Information on Supply Chain Quality Cost Decision

Abstract:Supply chain quality cost decision problem was studied under different information backgrounds. Supply chain qualitydecision models including a buyer and a supplier were set up with regards to different information backgrounds. In the models,quality prevention variable was decided by the supplier,but the quality evaluation and penalty for quality failure variables weredecided by the buyer. Then, effect of buyer’s hidden quality evaluation information on supply chain quality cost was analyzed.Simulation results show that supplier prevention activity is lower and buyer evaluation level is higher compared with symmetricinformation condition when buyer evaluation result cann’t be observed.This led to lower quality prevention cost but higher qual-ity evaluation cost.

Key words:asymmetric information; supply chain; quality cost; prevention; evaluation; decision
　
在 供应链领域,有关非对称信息的研究已经涉及采购、供应、营销和投资等许多方面[1~4];而在非对称信息下研究产品质量、质量决策和签约问题的文献结果却 很少[5~7]?文献[8]系统地研究了质量、信息和签约问题,尤其是考虑了签约可依据的信息对供应商和购买商的影响?本文在文献[8]基础上,进一步研 究了非对称信息下供应商和购买商的最优决策,分析了对供应链质量成本的客观影响,并进行了仿真计算,验证了模型的可行性和分析结果的可靠性?